Can a Yeast Infection Cause Bleeding?

If you've ever experienced the discomfort of a vaginal yeast infection, you know how frustrating it can be. 

While the usual symptoms like intense itching, burning, and unusual discharge are well-known, some women wonder: can a yeast infection cause bleeding? 

The short answer is that while it’s not typical, it can happen. Let’s dive into everything you need to know, symptoms to be aware of, and other causes of vaginal bleeding.

What is a yeast infection?

A vaginal yeast infection, also called vaginal candidiasis, is a type of fungal infection that happens when there is an overgrowth of the fungus Candida in the vaginal microbiome. Normally, small amounts of Candida live harmlessly in our bodies, but good bacteria keep it in check. When the normal balance of bacteria and yeast is thrown off (from things like antibiotics, hormone changes, or a weakened immune system), yeast grows too quickly and causes an infection.

The most common symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection include:

• Vaginal itching and irritation: This is usually around the vaginal opening, though it can extend to the vulva (the external genital area).
• Unusual discharge: Yeast infections cause thick, white discharge, often described as having a “cottage cheese” consistency.
• Vaginal burning: You might notice a burning feeling when you pee or have sexual intercourse.
• Redness and swelling: You may notice the skin around your vaginal opening looks red or feels sensitive.

While these symptoms are uncomfortable, they are usually manageable with over-the-counter antifungal treatments or medication prescribed by your healthcare provider. But what about bleeding?

Can a yeast infection cause bleeding?

Yeast infections don't typically cause bleeding, but it can happen under certain conditions. Bleeding when you have a yeast infection is usually minor and often related to vaginal irritation rather than the infection itself. However, bleeding outside your period is never normal, so understanding what’s going on in your body can help you determine whether this bleeding is a sign of something more serious.

Reasons why you may be bleeding with a yeast infection

Vaginal tissue inflammation

One of the most common causes of bleeding with a yeast infection is inflammation. A yeast infection triggers your immune system to respond to the overgrowth of Candida, which leads to redness, swelling, and heat in the affected area. This inflammation can cause the delicate vaginal and vulvar tissues to become more fragile and prone to damage. Even slight friction, such as wiping with toilet paper or wearing tight clothing, can lead to small tears or spotting when tissues are inflamed.

Scratching from itching

Yeast infections are notoriously itchy, and persistent scratching can easily damage the sensitive skin around the vulva and vagina. Repeated scratching, especially with fingernails or rough materials, can cause micro-abrasions or even open sores. These tiny breaks in the skin may bleed, especially if the area is already irritated or inflamed. Many people also report spotting after sex, which can further aggravate already-sensitive tissues.

Increased sensitivity and tissue irritation

The inflamed mucosal lining becomes hypersensitive during a yeast infection. Even everyday activities like walking, using tampons, or peeing can cause discomfort and minor bleeding. The thin lining of the vaginal walls is rich in blood vessels, and when irritated, even gentle contact can sometimes rupture small capillaries, resulting in light spotting.

Worsening or severe infection

In some cases, a yeast infection can become severe, especially if left untreated or if recurrent infections occur. Chronic inflammation from ongoing yeast overgrowth can weaken the integrity of the vaginal walls, increasing the risk of bleeding. This is more common in people with underlying conditions that affect the immune system, such as diabetes or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or in those using antibiotics or corticosteroids that disrupt the natural vaginal flora.

Co-infection or misdiagnosis

Sometimes, what looks like a simple yeast infection may actually involve a second infection — or may not be a yeast infection at all. Bleeding could be a sign of an additional infection or a misdiagnosis. Other conditions like bacterial vaginosis (BV), trichomoniasis, or cervicitis (which is inflammation of the cervix) can also cause bleeding and may be confused with a yeast infection. These issues often share symptoms — like discharge, irritation, and discomfort — but they can cause more significant inflammation and spotting.

If you find that your symptoms aren’t getting better with antifungal treatment or if the bleeding seems more than just a little, it’s a good idea to reach out to a healthcare provider. They can help by doing a vaginal swab or pelvic exam to find out what’s really going on and ensure you get the right treatment.

What color is yeast infection bleeding?

If you notice any bleeding with a yeast infection, it's usually quite light and can show up in various colors. The color you see can depend on a few factors, like how much blood there is, how fresh it is, and whether it mixes with any vaginal discharge. Here's how it might look and what each color can suggest:

• Pink spotting: This is the most common kind of light bleeding that can happen with a yeast infection. Pink spotting often means there is a small amount of fresh blood mixed with vaginal discharge. It usually happens after scratching, wiping, or friction from sex. Since the bleeding is minimal, it combines easily with normal discharge and looks pale pink.
• Light brown discharge: Brown discharge or spotting often means the blood is older and has oxidized. This can happen if there was slight bleeding earlier in the day or the day before, and it’s now being discharged. Brown spotting may also occur after bleeding has stopped but traces remain in the vagina. If this continues or happens often, it's a good idea to talk to a healthcare provider.
• Reddish discharge: Red or reddish discharge means there is active or recent bleeding. If this occurs during a yeast infection, it may be due to significant irritation or scratching, or possibly another issue like cervicitis. While a small amount of reddish discharge can come from minor irritation to sensitive tissue, noticeable red bleeding should be taken seriously.

What to do if you experience bleeding

Experiencing light bleeding during a yeast infection can be concerning, but it’s not always a sign of something serious. Follow these practical steps to monitor your health and know when to seek help.

• Monitor your symptoms closely: Pay attention to the color, amount, and duration of the bleeding. Notice if it appears after specific triggers like scratching, wiping, or intercourse. Keep track of any additional symptoms such as increased itching, burning, abnormal discharge, or pelvic discomfort. Jotting down when the bleeding starts, how long it lasts, and how your symptoms change can be helpful when speaking with a healthcare provider.
• Avoid further irritation: Give your body a chance to heal by wearing loose, breathable cotton underwear and avoiding tight clothing. Stay away from scented products, douches, or harsh soaps that can aggravate sensitive tissue. It’s also a good idea to abstain from sex until symptoms fully resolve. Most importantly, try not to scratch, even if the itching is intense; using a cool compress or doctor-recommended antifungal cream may provide relief without causing damage.
• Don’t rely on at-home treatments: While over-the-counter antifungal treatments can be effective for mild yeast infections, they should not replace medical advice if bleeding continues or worsens. If the bleeding seems unrelated to physical irritation or doesn’t improve within a few days, it may be a sign of a different issue that requires professional evaluation.
• Know when to seek medical care: You should contact a healthcare provider if you experience bright red or heavy bleeding, if the bleeding is ongoing or unexplained, or if you develop other symptoms like fever, pelvic pain, or foul-smelling discharge. Medical attention is also recommended if this is your first yeast infection, if you're unsure of the diagnosis, or if your symptoms do not improve after using antifungal treatment. A provider may need to perform a pelvic exam or lab tests to rule out other conditions, such as bacterial vaginosis, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), or cervical inflammation.

Other causes of vaginal bleeding

There are several potential causes of vaginal bleeding beyond yeast infections, and it’s important to be aware of them so you can better understand what’s happening with your body. Other health conditions that can cause bleeding include (but are not limited to):

• Ovulation: Some women experience light spotting when they ovulate, which typically occurs around the middle of their menstrual cycle. This is harmless and usually very light.
• Pregnancy spotting: It’s common for women to have some light spotting in the early stages of pregnancy. This is often due to implantation (when the fertilized egg attaches to the lining of the uterus). If you think you could be pregnant, it’s a good idea to take a test or check in with your healthcare provider.
• Hormonal changes: Changes in birth control, or even menopause can lead to unexpected, temporary spotting or bleeding.
• Urinary tract infection (UTI): Though UTIs mainly affect the bladder and urethra, they can sometimes cause blood in your urine, which may be mistaken for vaginal bleeding. UTIs can also cause pelvic pain and a frequent urge to pee.
• STIs: Certain STIs, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea, can cause irritation and bleeding, especially after having sexual intercourse.
• Cervicitis: Cervicitis is the inflammation of the cervix. It can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding that occurs after sexual intercourse, or between periods. Other symptoms of cervicitis include abnormal vaginal discharge and pelvic pain.
• Cancer: Vaginal bleeding can be a symptom of vaginal, cervical, ovarian, or endometrial cancer. These cancers are incredibly rare, and it’s worth remembering that other, less serious causes are also responsible for vaginal bleeding. 

Whether you're experiencing unusual bleeding or not, it's worth seeing a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis because yeast infections can cause the same symptoms as many other conditions.

When should you see a healthcare provider?

It’s always a good idea to listen to your body. If you’re experiencing any of the following symptoms, it’s worth checking in with a healthcare provider:

• Unexplained bleeding: If the bleeding is more than light spotting or occurs outside of your normal cycle, you should get it checked out.
• Abnormal vaginal discharge: See your healthcare provider if you notice changes to the smell, color, consistency, or quantity of your discharge — especially if you notice a fishy smell, which could be a sign of bacterial vaginosis or trichomoniasis.
• Persistent or recurrent yeast infections: If you’re getting yeast infections frequently, it could be a sign of an underlying issue, like diabetes or an immune system disorder. If your yeast infection treatment fails, your healthcare provider may also recommend trying a different antifungal medication.
• Severe pain or discomfort: While yeast infections can be uncomfortable, extreme pain isn’t typical and should be evaluated.
• Symptoms of a UTI or STI: If you feel a burning sensation when you pee, experience pelvic pain, or have abnormal vaginal discharge, make an appointment to get tested.

FAQ

What type of infection can cause bleeding?

Aside from a yeast infection, several other types of infections can cause vaginal or vulvar bleeding. Sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, can also result in bleeding (especially after intercourse). Additionally, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which is often a complication of untreated STIs, can result in severe pelvic pain and abnormal bleeding. A urinary tract infection can cause blood to appear in the urine, which may be mistaken for vaginal bleeding. If you're experiencing unexplained bleeding or other concerning symptoms, it's important to seek medical advice for a proper diagnosis and treatment.

What are severe yeast infection symptoms? 

Severe yeast infection symptoms can include redness, swelling, and cracks in or around the vagina. You may also develop pelvic pain. 

Does bacterial vaginosis cause bleeding?

Bacterial vaginosis doesn’t typically cause bleeding. Anecdotally, some people with bacterial vaginosis may experience bleeding after having sex, but it’s not common.